Graft vs. Host Disease (GVHD) - a frequent complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplant in which the engrafted donor cells attacks the patient's organs and tissue. GVHD tends to be more severe in patients receiving mismatched transplants from family member or unrelated donors.
GVHD is two diseases: acute GVHD and chronic GVHD. "Patients may develop one, both or neither. Acute and chronic GVHD differ in their symptoms, clinical signs and time of onset." ~
Acute GVHD usually occurs during the first three months following an allogeneic BMT. "T-cells present in the donor's bone marrow at the time of transplant identify the BMT patient as "non-self' and attack the patient's skin, liver, stomach, and/or intestines. The earliest sign of acute GVHD is often a skin rash that usually first appears on the patient's hands and feet." medicalistes.org
Chronic GVHD usually develops after the third month post-transplant. "Scientists believe that new T-cells produced after the donor's bone marrow has engrafted in the patient may cause chronic GVHD. Most patients with chronic GVHD experience skin problems that may include a dry itching rash, a change in skin color, and tautness or tightening of the skin. Partial hair loss or premature graying may also occur."
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